|
Pollensa
The municipality of Pollença is located at the northern end of Mallorca,
within the mountain range of the Serra de Tramuntana, which is the
island´s most extensive and valuable natural space. It is without doubt
one of the most emblematic places in Mallorca, both due to its
spectacular landscapes where the land and sea meet, and its traditions,
which are the result of its intense history.
The village of Pollença was founded in 1229, when King Jaume I brought
Mallorca into the Christian world and introduced Catalan culture. The
square of
Plaça Major,
which is surrounded by bars which fill up during the months of summer,
is the centre of the village. This is also the location of the
Parish Church,
which was built in the 18th century on the site of on older building
from the 13th century. The architectural style of the current building
fluctuates between Baroque and Classicism, with a basilical layout, a
gently-pointed vaulted roof and lateral chapels. Inside the building are
Baroque altarpieces and mural paintings. To the left of the church is
the square of
Plaça Vella,
which, together with the surrounding streets, forms the early part of
the town, which has a noticeably medieval character. At the small square
of Plaça de l´Almoina is the water fountain of the
Font del Gall,
which was built in the 19th century and which has become one of the
symbolic reference points of Pollença. At the end of the street of
Carrer Costa i Llobera is the
Oratory of Sant Jordi
- an old 16th-century church with a basilical layout, cross-vault roof
and a single chapel. On the street of Carrer de Jesús is the building of
Monti-sion,
which is an old Jesuit monastery constructed in the 18th century that
was inhabited by this religious order until its expulsion from Spain. In
the 19th century Pollença Council converted it into the
Consistorial House
and reopened the church, which has a basilical layout, a barrel-vault
ceiling and lateral chapels, with an interior decoration in the French
Baroque style. Of all the architecture here, the cloister of the old
monastery is of particular note.
From the street of Carrer de Jesús it is possible to climb a long
stairway of 365 steps to the peak of the hill where the small
chapel of Calvari
is situated. The chapel was constructed at the end of the 18th century
and is in the neo-Gothic style owing to reforms that masked its previous
Baroque style, which was typical during the time in which it was built.
Inside there is a unique work of sculpture from 1448, showing Christ and
the Mother of God at his feet with fragments of prayers in Latin and
Catalan.
At the edge of Pollença´s historic heart, next to the Gardens of Joan
March, is the
Convent of Sant Domingo.
It is situated on the street which bears the convent´s name and
comprises a church and a cloister; the cloister has become one of the
most representative centres for cultural activities in Pollença,
including the International Plastic Arts Competition and the
International Music Festival . It is also the home of the
Pollença Municipal Museum,
which has collections of contemporary painting and Gothic altarpieces,
as well as various pieces related to the history of Pollença.
As you enter Pollença there is a small sanctuary known as
Roser Vell,
the origins of which are uncertain but which dates from the 14th
century. Another of Pollença´s characteristic monuments is the
Pont Romà
(Roman Bridge), on the street of Carrer del Pont on the outskirts of the
village; despite the bridge´s name, its origins remain unknown, though
it is known to be very old.
Puerto Pollensa
El Port de Pollença, which is located on the Bay of Pollença in the
north east of Mallorca, is the tourist resort chosen by the majority of
tourists who opt to spend their holidays in a hotel or apartment within
the region of Pollença. It is built along the coast, with a promenade
for pedestrians next to the beach, which is where most of the bars,
cafés and restaurants are located. It is not one of the island´s larger
resorts and the hotels and apartments here are low-rise buildings. The
resort has all the services needed to enjoy a holiday by the sea in a
cosmopolitan and exclusive environment with unique surroundings and is a
gathering point for people from different parts of Europe.
The marina at Port de Pollença attracts a great number of pleasure craft
and it is the departure point for the boats which run trips along the
coast to the peninsula of Formentor, which is one of the most beautiful
and popular spots on Mallorca.
The town of Port de Pollença, which locals refer to as Moll, began to
grow up at the end of the 19th century, when the first seafaring
families settled here. Fishing and the start of tourism promoted the
initial development of the town, bringing about the construction of the
first hotels on the seafront and the summer homes of wealthy families.
These buildings, which are separated from the sea by a promenade,
provide one of Port de Pollença´s most distinctive scenes, with pines
and tamarisks seemingly rising out of the sea.
Between 1930 and 1940, a base for sea-planes was constructed at the port
in order to fight forest fires on the Balearic Islands.
The
Fort of Albercuix
is located at Punta de l´Avançada, at the western end of the Bay of
Pollença; it was constructed in the 17th century in order to defend the
bay from attacks by pirates from North Africa. At the end of the 19th
century this threat had disappeared and the fort was sold. The new
owners transformed it into a meeting place for artists and cultural
figures connected to Pollença, but the Spanish Civil War put an end to
art and glamorous festivals and the fort was used for military purposes.
Can Cullerassa,
which is over 600 m long, has a pebbly beach and an old pine grove. To
get here, follow the road PM-222 that goes along the coast Alcúdia to
Port de Pollença and you will find the beach where the residential area
begins.
Port de Pollença beach,
also known as Llenaire, is one of the main attractions in this tourist
resort. This beach, which is 1000 m long and 35 m wide, has fine white
sands and a promenade. There is an ample parking area near the port.
Services: restaurants, open-air bars, lifeguards;
sun loungers, parasols and pedal boats for hire.
Cala Albercuix
includes several small beaches located along the Passeig Voramar, the
promenade which has old villas running along it and which is shaded by
ancient pine trees and tamarisks. There are sand banks and the seabed is
almost flat, with the water only reaching a depth of half a metre at 300
m from the shoreline.
Services: restaurants; sun loungers, parasols and
pedal boats for hire.
Cala St Vicente
Cala Sant Vicenç, which is situated within the municipality of Pollença
on Mallorca´s northern coast, is a small tourist resort made up mainly
of small summer homes. There are also hotels and apartments here, which,
together with a few holiday homes, comprise the range of tourist
accommodation in this peaceful location. There are some restaurants but
not many shops. Beaches are one of the main attractions in Cala Sant
Vicenç.
Cala Carbó,
which is 50 m long and 30 m wide, is covered by pebbles and shingle. It
is located at the end of Cala Sant Vicenç, from where you have to head
right along the only road by the sea.
Cala Clara
is a small beach which is 30 m long and 25 m wide. It is 100 m away from
Cala Barques in Cala Sant Vicenç, and it is usually very crowded due to
the proximity of a large hotel.
Cala Barques,
which is 80 m long and 25 m wide and which has fine sand, is the biggest
beach in Cala Sant Vicenç.
Services: restaurants; sun loungers, parasols and
pedal boats for hire.
Formentor
is a narrow peninsula at the extreme north of Mallorca within the
municipality of Pollença; it is 12 km long and reaches a width of 3 km,
and there is a road which runs along it as far as the lighthouse of the
Far del Cap de Formentor. Owing to its beautiful landscape, which brings
together the sea and the mountains, it is one of the most emblematic and
visited spots on Mallorca. If you follow the road along the peninsula,
before reaching the beach there are two places from which spectacular
views can be enjoyed. The first is the lookout point of
Mirador de la Creueta,
with the
islet of Colomer
in the background, which is one of the most photographed panoramas on
the island. The second is the
watchtower of Albercuix,
which was constructed at the end of the 16th century and which formed
part of Mallorca´s defence system; this is situated on a peak at 390 m
above sea level and can be reached by road by taking a turn-off from the
main road which runs along the peninsula.
The presence of man here dates back to prehistoric times. During the
period of Roman rule there was a settlement here which produced ingots
of pig iron, as iron is a characteristic element in these parts. Since
the Middle Ages the area has contained one of the largest estates on
Mallorca, in spite of the difficulties involved in cultivating the land
and problems related to pirate attacks, which persisted until the French
took control of Algeria. Evidence of this is provided by the
construction of the old houses in Formentor, which are built with
features which are typical of a fortification.
In 1928
Adan Diehl,
who came from a wealthy Argentinian family connected to the Trocquist
bank, bought the lands of Formentor, and he and his wife immediately set
to work on the construction of a luxury residence, which was inaugurated
as the emblematic Hotel Formentor a year later. Amongst the hotel´s
guests in its magnificent early period, which was ended by the Spanish
Civil War, were writers and well known artists, as well as
internationally famous people such as Winston Churchill, Edward Windsor
Prince of Wales, President Niceto Alcalá Zamora, the Duke of Alba, and
Maharaja Kapurthala. It wasn´t until the 1950s that the hotel once again
become the setting for international events, such as the first
international congress dedicated to the 13th-century Mallorcan
philosopher, writer and poet Ramon Llull. In 1960 the Formentor Novel
Prize, which attracted top novelists and publishers, was awarded for the
first time; this was worth 10,000 dollars and covered the international
publication of the winning book, making it the highest-value prize of
the time. In the 1990s a meeting of heads of state of the European Union
was held at this hotel, which remains a highly exclusive establishment.
Cala Formentor
is a beach divided into two by a pier used by tourist boats. It is about
900 m long and 10 m wide and has fine white sands. In front of the beach
is the little isle of Formentor, and a pine grove provides shade behind
it. To get here, there is a bus from Port de Pollença. By car, take the
road PM-221 towards the Cap de Formentor, from where the beach is well
signposted. There is an ample parking area for which there is a charge.
Services: open-air bar where food is served,
showers; sun loungers, parasols and pedal boats for hire.
Beaches in Pollensa
Can Cullerassa,
which is over 600 m long, has a pebbly beach and an old pine grove. To
get here, follow the road PM-222 that goes along the coast Alcúdia to
Port de Pollença and you will find the beach where the residential area
begins.
Port de Pollença beach,
also known as Llenaire, is one of the main attractions in this tourist
resort. This beach, which is 1000 m long and 35 m wide, has fine white
sands and a promenade. There is an ample parking area near the port.
Services: restaurants, open-air bars, lifeguards;
sun loungers, parasols and pedal boats for hire.
Cala Albercuix
includes several small beaches located along the Passeig Voramar, the
promenade which has old villas running along it and which is shaded by
ancient pine trees and tamarisks. There are sand banks and the seabed is
almost flat, with the water only reaching a depth of half a metre at 300
m from the shoreline.
Services: restaurants; sun loungers, parasols and
pedal boats for hire.
El Caló
is a small unspoilt beach with large pebbles and shingle; it is 55 m
long and 20 m wide. The seabed is rocky and there is plenty of submarine
vegetation, which makes it a perfect place for snorkelling. To get here
is not easy, because the military facilities of the air-sea base do not
allow free access from Punta de l´Avançada. Therefore, it is necessary
to walk 4,000 m from the starting point at the bottom of the road that
heads to the air-sea base from the PM-221, which is the road which runs
along Formentor. Nearby there is a wall made of stones with a fence,
which will guide you through the vegetation that covers this calcareous
hillside, protected occasionally by some pine trees. Follow the wall to
the peak and down to the sea, where you will find the beach nearby.
Cala Formentor
is a beach divided into two by a pier used by tourist boats. It is about
900 m long and 10 m wide and has fine white sands. In front of the beach
is the little isle of Formentor, and a pine grove provides shade behind
it. To get here, there is a bus from Port de Pollença. By car, take the
road PM-221 towards the Cap de Formentor, from where the beach is well
signposted. There is an ample parking area for which there is a charge.
Services: open-air bar where food is served,
showers; sun loungers, parasols and pedal boats for hire.
Cala Murta
is an unspoilt beach made up of sand and shingle which is 60 m long and
25 m wide. The depth of the water is 8 m at 200 m from the shore and 4 m
at 100 m, and the seabed is sandy. There are some facilities, such as a
few barbeques, areas for camping, and benches and tables for picnics. To
get here, take the road PM-221 towards Formentor, go past the turning
leading to the beach of Formentor, and take the turning to Cala Murta at
the 13 km mark. Although the surface is good, the use of vehicles is
restricted and the last 1,700 m have to be walked. Almost the entire
path goes through a pine grove.
Cala en Gossalba
is made up of two small unspoilt beaches with a rocky seabed and a thick
pine wood at the back; the beach is formed by pebbles and shingle and is
30 m long and 30 m wide. To get here, you have to walk 2,500 m north
from Cala Murta along the cliffs.
Cala Figuera
is an unspoilt fifty-metre-long beach with sand and pebbles which are
usually covered by seaweed. It´s not difficult to find, because it can
be seen from the road PM-221, which leads to the Formentor lighthouse;
some kilometres after passing the turning to the beach of Formentor, you
will see the beach on the left hand side. There is a parking area, from
where there is a path that goes down to the beach.
Cala Boquer:
this unspoilt and isolated beach is a good refuge for sailors; it is
about 45 m long and 10 m wide, with pebbles and shingle at the shore. To
get here, from Port de Pollença follow the road towards Formentor; go
straight over the roundabout, leaving the residential area behind you,
and you will see a hill with houses, which stands over the valley
entrance and is where cars have to be left. Cross the fence and walk
along the path surrounded by pine trees, passing by the front of the
house without any difficulties. The path goes between two big rocks,
before reaching the beach, which is about 1,500 m away.
Cala Carbó,
which is 50 m long and 30 m wide, is covered by pebbles and shingle. It
is located at the end of Cala Sant Vicenç, from where you have to head
right along the only road by the sea.
Cala Clara
is a small beach which is 30 m long and 25 m wide. It is 100 m away from
Cala Barques in Cala Sant Vicenç, and it is usually very crowded due to
the proximity of a large hotel.
Cala Barques,
which is 80 m long and 25 m wide and which has fine sand, is the biggest
beach in Cala Sant Vicenç.
Services: restaurants; sun loungers, parasols and
pedal boats for hire.
Serra Tramuntana
The Serra de Tramuntana is the highest mountain range and the most
extensive natural area on Mallorca, representing a zone of great
ecological value. The range is approximately 90 km long, running from
the cape of Formentor in Pollença to the cape of Sa Mola in Andratx,
with an average width of 15 km. It runs from south west to north east
and 12 km2 of the range lies above 1,000 m, where there is an average of
14 days of snowfall per year. The highest peaks on Mallorca are found in
the central section of the range, with Puig Major (1,447 m), Massanella
(1,352 m), Tossals Verds (1,115 m) and Puig Tomir (1,103 m). These
mountains occupy most of the land space within the municipalities of
Andrat,
Banyalbufar, Bunyola,
Deia, Escorca, Esporles, Estellencs, Fornalutx, Mancor del Vall,
Pollensa, Puigpunyent, Selva, soller and Valldemossa, as well as taking
up a significant portion of the surface area of the municipalities of
Alaró, Alcudia, Calviá, Campanet, Lloseta, Palma De Mallorca and Santa
María Del Camí.
The coastline along the Serra de Tramuntana is very rugged, with few
coves and some steep cliffs. It is the most outstanding karst area on
Mallorca, with a significant amount of limestone which has been eroded
by the effects of weather and water. This gives rise to deep torrents,
such as the Torrent de Pareis which reaches a height of 200 m in
the area known as
Sa Fosca.
The vegetation includes a series of endemic species. In the highest
areas brushwood grows, whilst in the lower zones we find the most
extensive holm-oak woods on Mallorca. These woods have long been
exploited by man, which has reduced their surface area. There are also
large sections of pine forest, which in some spots has replaced the holm-oak
woods.
In terms of fauna, there are various mammals, such as goats and sheep,
which help to maintain the vegetation and which serve as a source of
food for black voltures. There are also pine martens, genets and
weasels. There are many species of bird which inhabit the Serra de
Tramuntana or pass through during their migrations. There is a wide
range of birds of prey, such as the osprey and Eleonora´s falcon, which
comes to the Mediterranean from the island of Madagascar. The Mallorcan
midwife toad is an amphibian which was discovered in the 1980s, though
it was already known as a fossil; the small population of this animal
inhabit the least accessible pools and torrents of the Serra de
Tramuntana.
Man has inhabited this zone since prehistory. There are important
ethnological features which show man´s presence and the exploitation of
resources in the area, such as the areas where olive trees have been
planted, charcoal stores, ice houses, lime ovens and numerous tracks
which formed a communication network and which are now used by walkers,
who find the most spectacular landscapes on Mallorca here, with the sea
always forming a spectacular backdrop. The land belongs to large
estates, which have traditionally been in the hands of Mallorcan
aristocracy and wealthy families, though some estates are publicly
owned.
|